REGISTERED No. L. 3131
The Gazette of India
EXTRAORDINARY
PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY
NEW DELHI, SUNDAY, AUGUST 17, 1947
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT
(Reforms)
NOTIFICATION
New Delhi,the17th August 1947
No. F. 68/47-R. The Reports of the Bengal Boundary Commission andofthe Punjab Boundary Commission are published for general information.
REPORT OF T HEBENGALBOUNDARYCOMMISSION
To
HisEXCELLENCYTHEGOVERNOR-GENERAL
1. I have the honour in present the decision and award oftheBengal Boundary Commission, which, by virtue of section 3 of the Indian Indepen- dence Act, 1947, isrepresentedbymy decision as Chairman of that Commission. This award relates , to the division of the Province of Bengal, andtheCommission'sawardin respect of the District of Sylhet and areas adjoining thereto will be recorded in a separate report.
2. The Bengal Boundary Commission was constitutedbythe announce- ment of the Governor-General, dated the 30th of June, 1947, Reference No. 10507/47R.The members of the Commission thereby appointed were
Mr. Justice Bijan Kumar Mukherjee. Mr. Justice C. C. Biswas.
Mr. JusticeAbuSatch Mohamed Akram, and
Mr. Justice S. A. Rahman.
I WAS subsequently appointed Chairman of this Commission.
3. T he terms of r e f e r e n ce of t he Commission, as set o ut in t he a n n o u n c e-
m e nt , w e re as f o l l o w s . —-
"The Boundary Commission is instructed to demarcate the boundaries of the two parts of Bengal on the basis of ascertaining the contiguous areas of MUSLIMS and non-Muslims. In doing so, it will also take into account other factors."
We were desired to arrive at a decision as soon as possible before the 15th of August.
( 1059 )
10(10 T HE (.-] \ Z U T TK OP L M HV K X T K A o K U L N A f t r, A U O. 17, 1017
A, A l t er p v e l n u i n ni y m e e t i n g s, tin C o m m i s . s i ou m v i l ed t he s u b n n n s i un ol i i i e i n o r a n da a nd iej> rose c i t a t i o n- !i\ i n t e r e s t ed p a i t i e s. A v c iv Uitf
rV T l ic p u h l ii sii Lilies i)i tlii1 ('niiiiiHs.^ioii t o ok p l a ce ai ( n l i i H L i, ainl Darjeeling and lalpaipuvi. in wlii.-l, the Muslim population amounh-d to 2 42 per u-nt. of the whole in Hie case of Dtirjeeling. and to 53.Oft per cent, of the whole in Hie cane of Talpaiguri but which constituted ;in area not in any natuinl sense coiitiaiions to another non-Muslim area of Bengal"
H) To winch Stale should the Chitlagong Hill Tracts be assigned, -m area in which Ihe Muslim nopnlntiou w;is onlv a ]ier cent, of the whole
THE GAZETTE OF INDIA ttXTltAUKPLNAEY, AUG. 17, 1947 1061but which it was difficult ID assign to a, State different from that which controlled ihe district of Ohittagong itself?
N EW D E L H I,
1(W2 THE GAZETTE OP INDIA 1regard to the Districts of Durjeelinn HI id Jalpaiguii, the remainder ol the Province of Bengal shall belong to East Bengal.
;1. The line shall run along tlie boundary between the following Than.is:
Huripur and Hainan]; Haupur and Ilemtabad; lianibanktul and Hemtabad; Pirganj and Hemtabad; Pirganj and Kaliganj; Roehaganj and J\ahganj; Biral and _Kaligmi] ; Bind and Kushniundi; Biral and
4, Fiom ihnt point Ibe line "ball run along (lie bovmrlnry between Ibe following Thanas :
Hahiigliat and Panehbibi ; Halurgliat and Jovpwibat; Balurgbat and 'J)bainuirbcU ; Tapan ami "Dhamairhat, Tapnn and Patnitala; Tapan ajid Porwlm ; Bainangola and Porsha ; Htibibpnr and Porsba ; Habibpivr and Oomnstapnr ; Habibpnr and T^holahat ; Malda and Hholabat; Knglish Baznr and Bliolnhat; Kngbsh Bnznr and Bhibganj ; Kaliaehnk and Shibganj ; 1o the fioint where the bomvdary between the two lout mentioned thamn iMeeiw the boundary between the dintricts of Malda and Murehidahad on The river O Hugos.
5. The line shall then turn Houth-ewsl down the Hiver (ianges .dong (.he boundary between the Pistrietfi ot Malda and Murnhidabad ; HHJflhahi and Murshidabad ; Rajshahi and Nadia ; to the point in the north-western corner ot the Dirtlriet of NTadia where the channel of The Ki\er Mathnban^a taken off from Ihe lliver (iangen The dint net boundariew, and not the ie^ial course of thp Eiver Ganges, shall constitute the boundary between Hast ,md West Bengal.
(I. 3^1'om the point a\* ihe Itivpr (ranges where the channel ol ihe Stiver ]\ratbnbanga takes off, the line shall run along tlmt channel to the noith"m most point where it meets the boundary between the Thanas ol Paula pur a,nd Karimpur. The middle line of the main channel shall constitute ihe actuid boundary.
7. Krom this poinl ihe boundai\ between l^nt ainl Went Bengal Lt ill run along (he boundaries between the Thanas of Daulatpar and Kanrnmir; Gangaiu and Karimpur ; Meher[Hir and Karimpnr ; Meherpur and T e b a t t i; IMeherpur and Chapra ; Damurhuda aivd Chapra ; I^uimrhiida and Knsn m- g'an] ; Chuadanga and Krifilimigan| ; Jibanna^ar and KrishnagBiij : .lilniu- nagav and Ha-MBklmU ; ATaheshpnr ami Hiinskhuli ; Mahe-Bhpur and Kana- gliat ; "Mahmhpur and Bongaon ; .Thikargacha and Hotigaon ; Stirsa and Bon g a on ; Harsa and (!atghata: (iaighata and Kalaroa ; io the point ,vben< the boundary between those tbanas meets the boundary between the dintm-is of Khnlrw and '24 Parganus.
R. The line shall then rwn southwards along The boundary between the. Districts of Khulna and '34 Parganaw, to the point where that boundary meets the Bav of Bengal.
T HE ( M Z F / T TE OF I N D IA EXTRAOK 1)1 NARY AIKI J7, 1947 L063JMIIOET OF THE JiJLVAL IUHM>AJi\ COMMISSION ( S i L l lM1 DISTRICT i
To
I I lS K \l LI I h \ t\ TT11 ( i<)\ imisOR ( . L N t l HL
1 I h a vt r l ie h n i i o i ii to p i e s e nt U rn u p on ol t he B e n ^ uJ B u u n d a iv ( o u i i Q i s R j u ii j e l d t i ng to S v l h el D i h l i nt
w e ie .in follows —
doing HO, it will also take into ai fount other factors
Jn ilic e v r nt ot t he l e J e i t u d um IU ilie 1'ihtuct ol S \ l h ct r e s u l t i ng in lnvour ol .irnalpamatioii with l^iHtenv Ben^Hl, t he B o u n dnv ('omuiiHfion will jilso d e n i a u a tt rhe AIusliui niH|oiitv a r o is of S-\lhet i J i s t t ut uul ttie (ontigiioiiH "Vrushin ina|oiitv niens of t he udjoinm^ dintiicTs ot A s s am '
,1 Ailfi Hit' conclusion of t he pLou'edings u l a t mp to Bengal t he < oiumisBiou i n \ i t cd the sidnniHHion ot m c n i o i a n da HIK.1 iepieHentatjonn bv p a r t i es i n t e r e s t ed in the S \ l h ot qiiention A n u m b er ot such memJLM.HI.I and lepiesentafiOTiH WAK leceived
4 T he C o r n m i H s i on h e ld o p en Rittingh at CiiU u t tu on t he 4 l b, ,Jth u nd Oth d a y" ot AugiiHt 1 9 1 7, Tor t he p m p o se ot h e a n n^ H i ^ i i m e n t ^. T he m a in a r g u m e n ts \ \m c o n d u c t ed on t he o ne s i de b\ LOimsel on b e h a lf ul t he ( l o v e i n m e i it ot Kiwt B e n g al .11KI t he P i o v i i K i .d a nd D i H t mt M m hm I;ea^rueH , md on t he o l h ei h i d e, b^ loutiHel on b e h a lf ot t he (•hner.nmtin.L of t he l ' i o\ m et of \ H s n ni A[\L\ t he \ s s a ra I ' i o\ nw iul C O I I ^ I C SH CoinmiTte-e a nd tlu- AssHin 1'ioviiiLiiil H I I K I II M . i h a s a h ha I -\\as n ot p r e s e nt in p e r t t ou .d lire o p en s i t t i n gs is J w aH it t he t i me e n p i ^t d in ( he p i o i et jf t l ie r i i i i ph M o u n d a rv ( o m m m i on w h i ch w e ie t a k i ng plm e s i n i u l t a n e o u p lv b ut I w is s u p p l i ed wjtli t in d a ih m o id of t he S y l h it p r o c e e d i n gs a mi w i th a ll miili ml s u b m i t t ed tor llie C o m m i s s i o n 's t o r i w d e i i i t i nn \t t he e lose ol t hi opt n s i t t i n gs t he i m m b e is ol tin ( ' o m n u H S i on e n t e i ed i n to diwi u s s i o ns w i l li mi as to t he ISSUCH i n v o l v ed a nd l l ie d e u s r o ns to he c o me to T I I CM dis(.iiHhions t o ok p l a ne at N i^ P e l hi
i H it ii ^ is ID i n i t i al d i l l e i e i Ki ol o p i n i on as to file si o pe of flm retiMeiii e e n t i u s t ed to t he C o m m i s s i on T v yi of n i\ (ollnipfuew l o ok t he v i ew l l nl (.In ( oinnnsMion b ad hi en j j \ en i u t l i oi i t\ to deMi.li f i om AfiHarn a nd to i t l i t li to J'usl TSen^al inv A r n s hm i n r i | o i i t\ m e ns ol j n\ j u nt ol \ s s a rn t h ai i mild lie d e s n i h id is ( o n t u u o ns lo Ha-^t "Benj.il SIIH e the-\ r o n s l r u ed flit w o i ds t lu a d | o i n n i^ d i s t i i i in of \ s s n ni ,is i n c a n m^ a nv d i h t m ts ot \ s H im ili i*- a d | o i n ed I'jim R e n t al T he o t h ei i vo of \n\ i ollt ,jf,iip-. t o ok t he \ iew l i nt t in C o m m i s s i o n 's p n w et of d e rm luiif. u i e ns h o in \ s s a ra a nd li i i i s i e i i n i f, t h em to I mt B e n o . il w as l i m i t ed to t he D i n t i ut of S v l h ot a mi c o n t i p n o us M n s h ni n n | o i i tr a i ^ is (it a n - \) ot o t lu i d i s t i i f ts of Vssam ( b at ad)omed S \ l h it T he diffeieuLe of opinion w as t e f e i r ed to me for mv costing -vote and 1 look t he view t h at t he morn limited c o n s t r u c t i on of o ur
liitit TILE UAZETTE OF INDIA EXTEAOKD1NAKY, AUG. 17, 1947teinih oi r e f e r e n ce v\as Llie c on eel o ne a nd t h ai t he " a d j o i n i ng d i s t r i c is of AHbiini" did not. e x t e nd to o t h ei d i s t r i c ts ol A s s am tliuu t h o se lli.H adjoined S \ l h e t. T l ic ( ' o m i m s s i on a c c o r d i n g !} p r o c e e d ed w i th itH w o rk on t h is ha-iis. ti. li wan a i y u ed b c l o ie t he ' ' o m m i s s i on on behalf oi tin- (iovernniL-ut ui K.isl .Bengal t h at on t he h ue cons1 rnel ion o! oui t e r ms ol r e l e i e n re a nd section 'A ol llie Lmliiiii I n d e p e n d e n ce A c t, l',)-17, llie w hole ol t he I)nfiL
7 We l o u nd Home d i l h c u l ty in m a k i ng up o ur m i n ds w h o l h e i, undoi o ur t e n ns ol lol'ereuee, we u e ie To a p p r o a ch t he S v l h et i|ui'HlHMV UI t he s a me w a\ UH tlie q u e s t i on ol p a r t i t i o n i ng B e n g a l, s i n ce tliere w e n1 s o me d i l l n- e u c es in tlie l a n g u a ge cmj)lo\ ed. But nil Uiv c o l l e a g u es i-nme lo t he coii- clnhiim th.it we w e re i n t e n d ed lo d i \ i de t he S y l h et ;uul a d j o i n i ng fliHtii'K ol A s s am b e t w e en liliist K e n ^ al a nd t he I'rovnice ol A s s am on t he hiMs ol coiiti^noiih mnjontA a r e ns ol M u s l i ms a nd n o n - M u n l i n i s. b ut t a k i ng lino a c c o u nt o t h er J a c t o rs L am {jlad to ado|)t linn view .
ti. T he n i e i u b e is ot t he CommiHSion w e n- h o w e v er u n a b le to 'irrive at an a g r e ed view us to h ow t he b o u n d a r\ linen nhoul
T T I J^ (I \ Z K T T _K (>!<' I N D IA F A T K A n L t D l N A K Y. A T I !. 1 7. 1<"47 H H 3*
tlic n'.sl ill \4SMIII if till- M u s l im c l a im to JrUulakiindi w e re r e c o g n i s e d, b ut t h ey l o im ;i s t r ip r n u u u iy eitst m id w e st wli'jieut, t he n a t u r al division ol t he land is n o r t l ^ a nd s o u th a nd l h e\ "'ti'tM-i an a w k w ui d s e \ e u \ n ce ot t he n u l w a\ h ue t h i o u ^h S v l h e t, so t h i i t. l or 1 nntji 11 (. 1 •. t he j u n c t i on for I lit- '"uwn dt H v l h et itself, t he c a p i t al of t he d i s t u c t, w o u ld lie 111 \ s s a m. n ot J 11 I'ust B e n g a l.
1M. In t h o se 1 i r c u T m l . u i e es 1 t h i nk t h ai sonu1 c \ c h n n ^e ol T e m t o i i es m i nt be effected if a w o r k a b le division is to r e s u l t. S o me ol t he 11011- J n s b ni t h a n us imiht
CYIUIJ UADClAVVb),
K K I ' O UT OJ-1 TTll-l P b X J A Tl T i O U X D A UV C O M M I S S I ON
To
H is K \ CI U T M '\ 1 HI, (!iivi!n\(iii-(iKMcitAT
1. I have llie hoiioui lo [iresenl tile di'cisjfjn and award ol t he l'im|ub J-ioundarv ("lommissimi which, b\ \ i r t ue of section i of t he I n d i an I n d e- pendence A c t. 1947, is repuvsiMited by my decision as C h a i r m an of t h at Commission.
•2. T he P u n ] ab Boundary Commission was constituted by t he a n n o u n c e- ment of t he (4o\ernor-Cieneral dated t he 3()th of J u ne 1947, "Reference No. D 5 0 / 7 / 4 7 E. T he liionibers of thu ('ornmiBsion t h e r e by appointed were—
Mr. Justice lJm Muhanunad,
Mr. Justice Muhammad Munir,
* N ot rmbli-ihi*!
1006 THE OAZUTTE OF 1JND1A EXTKAUlUJllN \KV, AlJAh. Justice Mohr Chand Maiujan, and Mr. Justin Teja Singh.
I wuto subsequently appointed Ghaiiman oi this Coniinmsi^n.
;•). The teiiun oi icleicuee ol the ('oinnnaMon, as set out in the announce- niuul, were as iollowa :—
The Boundary Comimasion ig instructed to demarcate the boun- daries ol Lhe two parts of the Punjab on the basis of ascertaining the contiguous majority areas uf Muslims and iioii-M~ushnis. In doiiifj so, it will also take into account other factors."
We were desired to arrive at a_ decision as soon at) possible before the Loth ot August.
1. Alter prelimman meetings, the Commission invited the aubmissiun oi memoranda and representations by interested parties. Numerous memoranda and representations were received.
-K The public sittings of the Commission took place at .Lahore, and extended from Monday the 21st ol July U)47, to Thursday the 31st oi July 3 947, inclusive, with the exception of^ Sunday, the 27th of July. The main- arguments were conducted by counsel on behalf of the Indian National Congress, the Muslim League, and Lhe Sikh members of the Punjab Legis- lative Assembly ; but a number of other interested parties appeared and argued before the Commission. In view of the fact that 1 was acting aW> as Chairman of the Bengal Boundary Commission, whose proceedings were taking place simultaneously with the proceedings of the Punjab Boundary Commimion, T did not attend the public siltingH in person, but mad*1 i U T a u g e i i i e i i tH In w t m ly d a i ly l l nj i ce ml ol H i, p r o ce ' r l m ^s a nd o '' , i ll j ' i , i t >i i . il submitted for our consideration.
0. After the close of the public Hitting!,,' the Commission adjourned <••> Simla where I joined my colleagues, and we entered upon discussions in the hope of being able to present an agreed decision as to the demarcation of the boundaries. I am greatly indebted to my colleagues for indispens- able assistance in the clarification of the issues and the marshalling of the arguments for different views, but it became evident in the course of mr discussions that the divergence of opinion between my colleagues was <* > wide that an agreed solution of the boundary problem was not to he obtained. I do not intend to convey by this that there were not large areas of the Pun|ab on the west and on the east respectively which provoked no contro- versy as to which State they should be assigned t o; but when it came to the extensive but disputed areas in which the boundary must be drawn, differences of opinion as to the significance of the term "other factors'\ which we were directed by our terms of reference to take into account, and as to the weight and value to be attached to thoHe factors, made it impossible to arrive at any agreed line. In those circumstances my colleagues, at the close of our discussions, assented to the conclusion that T nm^t proceed to give my own decision.
7. This I now proceed to do. The demarcation of the boundary line is described in detail in the schedule which forms Annexure A to this award, and in the map* attached thereto, Annexure B. The map is annexed for
* Not pulili'-hcd.
THE GAZETTE OF IfTDIA EXTRAORDINARY, AUG. 17, 1947 1067purposes of illustration, and if there should bo any divergence between tha ."boundary as described in Annexure A and as delineated on the map iu Annexure B, the "description in Annexure A ia to prevail.
ti. Certain representations were adtli^ased to the Commission on behalf of the ytates of Bikaner and ljahaualpur, both of which States were interested in canals whose head works were situate in the Punjab Province. 1 have taken the view that an mtereaJt of this sort can no! weigh, directly in the question before us as to the division of the Punjab between the Indian Union and Pakistan since the territorial division of the province does not affect rights of private property, and I think that I am entitled to assume with confidence that any agreements that either of those States has made with the Provincial Government as to the sharing of water from, these canals or otherwise will be respected by whatever Government here- after assumes jurisdiction over the headworks concerned. I wish also to make it plain that no decision that ia made by this Commission is intended to affect whatever territorial claim the Statf of Bahawalpur may have in respect of a number of villages lying between Sulemanke Weir and G'urka Ferry.
9. The task of delimiting a boundary in the Punjab is a difficult one. The claims of the respective parties ranged over a wide field of territory, but in my judgment the truly debatable ground in the end proved to Ue iu and around the area between the Beas and Sutlej rivers on the one hand, and the river Ravi on the other. The fixing of a boundary in this area was further complicated by the existence of canal systems, so vital to the life of the Punjab but developed only under the conception of a single administration, and of systems of road and rail communication, which have been planned in the same—way. There was also the stubborn geographical fact of the respective situations of Lahore and Amritsar, and the claims to each or both of those cities whioh each side vigorously maintained. After weighing to the best of my ability such other factors as appeared to me relevant as affecting the fundamental basis of contiguous majority areas, I have come to the decision set out in the Schedule whioh thus becomes the award of the Commission. I am conscious that there are legitimate criticisms to be made of it : as there are, I think, of any other line that might be chosen.
10. I have hesitated long over those not inconsiderable areas east of tne Sutlej River and in the angle of the Beas and Sutlej Rivers in whioh Muslim majorities are fotmd. But on the whole I have come to the con- clusion that it would be in the to>ue interests of neither State to extend the territories of the West Punjab to a strip on the far side of the Sutlej and that there are factors such as the disruption of railway communications and water systems that ought in this instance to displace the primary claims of contiguous majorities. But I must call attention to the fact that the Dipalpur Canal, which serves areas in the West Punjab, takes off from the Terozepore headworks and I find it difficult to envisage a satisfactory demarcation of boundary at this point that is not accompanied by some arrangement for joint control of the intake of the different canals depen- dent on these headworks.
11. I have not found it possible to preserve undivided the irrigation system of the Upper Bari Doab Canal, which extends from Madhffpur in
1068 THE GAZETTE OM INDIA KXTKAOKDlIsAEY, AUG. 17, 1947the Pathankot Tahsil to the western border of the district of Lahore, although I have made small adjustments of the Lahore* Amritsar district boundary to mitigate Home ol the consequences oi' this severance; nor can I see any means of preserving under one territorial jurisdiction the Mandi Hydro-electric Scheme which wuppliea power in the districts of Kangrtt,. Gurdaspur, Amritsar, Lahore, Jullundur, Ludhiana, Ferozepore, Shetithu- pura, and Lyalljmr. 1 think it only right to express the hope that, where the drawing of a boundary line cannot avoid disrupting such unitary ser- vices as canal irrigation, railways, and electric power transmission, a solution may be found by -agreement between the two States for some joint oontrol of what has hitherto been a vajuable common service.
12. 1 am conscious too that the award cannot go far towards satisfying sentiments and aspirations deeply held on either side but directly in conflict as to their bearing on the placing of the boundary. If means are to be found to gratify to the full those sentiments and aspirations, I think that they must be found in political arrangements with which I am not con- cerned, and not in the decision of a boundary line drawn under the terms of reference of this Commission.
CYRIL RADOLIFFE,
NEW DELHI.
The 12th Auqust 1947.
THE SCHEDULE K?e Annexures A and "R attached.
ANNEXUKK A
1. The boundary between the East and West Punjab shall commence on the north at the point where rhe west branch of the TJjh river enters the Punjab Province from the State oi' Kashmir. The boundary shall follow the line ol' thai river down the western boundary of the Pathan'kot Tahsjl to the point where the Pathankot, Shakargarh and Gurdaspiir UIIIBIIH meet. The talmil boundary and not the actual course of the TTjh river nhall constitute the • boundaiy between the East and Went Punjab.
'2. From the point of meeting of the three (ahsils above mentioned, the brtundaiy between the Rant and Went Punjab shall follow the line of the Ujh.- nver to its junction with the river Eavi and thereafter the line of the viver Ravi along the boundary between the tahuils of Gsrdaspur and Bhakargarb, the boundary between the tahmls of Batala and Shakargarh, the boundaiy between (he tahsils of "Batala and Narowal, the boundary between the in hail's of Ajnalu and Narowal, and the boundary between the tahsils of Ajnala itnd yhfiil.iin, io the point on the nvei llm i where the district of Amritaar is divided from tlie diHtrict of Lahore. The taliml boundaries icfeired Io, and not ihe actual course of the nvei TTjh or the nvev Ravj, shall constitute the boundary between the East and Wsst Punjab
3. From the point on the river Ravi where the district of Amritsar in divided from the district of Lahore, Hie boundary between the Rant and West Punjab shall turn southwards following the boundary between the tahfiils of Ajnala and Lahore ami then (he thawils uf Tarn Taran and Lahore, to the point where the tabsik of Kariur, Lahore and Tarn Taran meet. The line will ihen lurn south-westward nlong the boundary between the talmils of Lahoi'e and Kasur to the point -where thai boundary meets the north-east corner of village Theh Jharolian. Tl will then run nlon^ the oastern boundary of that village to
THE GAZETTE OF INDTA EXTEAOEDINAEY, AUG. 17, 1947 106its jnnction with village Chathiauwala, tarn along the northern boundary of that village, and then run down its eastern boundary to its junction with village Waigal. Tt will then run along the eastern boundary of village Waigal to itH junction with village Kalia, and then along the southern boundary of village Waigal to its junction with village Panhuwan. The line will then run down the eastern boundary of village Panhuutm to its junction with village Gaddoke. The lino will then run down (In- eastern border of village Gaddoke to its junction with village Nurwala,. It will then turn along the southern boundary of village Gaddoke to its junction with village Katluni Kalan. The line will then run down the eastern boundary of village Katluni Kalan to its junction with yillages "Kale and Mastgarh. It will then run along the south- ern boundary of village Katluni Kalan to the north-west corner of village Kale. It will then run along tjie western boundary of village Kale to its junction with village Khem Karan. The line will then run along the weRtern and southern boundaries of village Khem Karan to its junction with village Maewala. Tt will then run down the western and southern boundaries of village Maewala, proceeding eastward along the boundaries between village Mahaidepur on the north and villages Sheikhupura Kuhna, Kamalpuran, Fatehwala and Mahewala. The line will then turn northward along the western boundary of village Sahjra to its junction with villages Mahaidepur and Machhike. It will then turn north-eastward along the boundaries between villages Machhike and Sahjra and then proceed along the boundary between villages Eattoke and Sahjra to the junction between villages Eattolte, Sahjra and Mabbuke. The line will then run north-east between the villages Eattoke and Mabbuke to the junction of villages Rattoke, Mabbuke, and Gajjal. From that point the line will run along the boundary between villages Mabbuke and Gajjal, and then turn south along the eastern boundary of village Mabbuke to its junction with village Nagar Aimanpur. It will then turn along the north-eastern boundary of village Nagar Aimanpur, and, run along" its eastern boundary to its junction with village Masteke. From th -re it will run along the eastern boundary of village Masteke to where it meet 4 the boundary between the tahsils of Kasur and Ferozepore.
For the purpose of identifying the villages referred to in this paragraph, I attach n map flf the Kasur tahsil authorized by the- then Settlement Officer, Lahore District, which was supplied to the Commission by the Provincial Government.
J
107a THE GAZETTE OF INDIA EXTRAORDINARY, AUG. 17, 1947(3. So much of the Punjab Province an lies to the west of the line demnrusiU ed in the preceding paragraphs shall be the territory of the West Punjab. Ho much of the territory of the Punjab Province as lies to the east of that line shall be the territory of the Bast Punjab.
Iv. V. K SUNDARAM,
Officer on Special Duty.
PUBLISHED BY TOT MANAOEB O" PUBLICATIONS, DELHI, INDIA.
PRINTED BY THJI MANAOMR, OOVHRNI"NT or INDIA PaM4. N iw Dwtsi, INDIA.
- A r g u m e n th vveie p r e s e n t ed to t he C o m m i s s i on b\ n u m e r o us [nirtie.-- on h o tb s i d e s, lull t he mo in I'.TSCS w e re p r e s e n t ed bv m i i i i s i '! mi b e h a ll ol' Hu l i i d i ' in N a t i o n al ( o n g r e s s. t he R o n g ul T ' l o v i n c i al H i n du M a h a s a b ln a nd Hie N ow "Bengal AHsociatioii nil t he o ne luinrl, imd on liehulf of (lie JiFiislnii lyi-n^ui" on t he o t h e r. In \ i o \\ of t he fart t h . it I w as a c l i n^ u No ,is C h a i ' i n an ol t he PuuJHrb B o i i i i d i uy T ' o m n n ^ p i o n, whoRi- pvorepdintrH wei ' t a k i ng p l a ce s i n m l t d i u ' o n H lv w i th t he p r o c e e d i n gs of t he Flonpal ROIITKIMTV C o i i n n i s si . n. 1 d id n ot a t t e nd t he p u b l ic s i t t i n gs in p e r s o n, lint m a de n r r a n g e n i i ' n ts to windy d a i ly t he r e c o rd of the, p r o c e e d i n gs a nd nil m a t e r i al s u b m i t t ed for o nr c o n s i d e r a t i on (1. \ f t cr i hc c l o se of t he p u b l ic s i t t m ^ H, t he l e n m m d ei ol t he ( i n ic of t he ( o n i m i n R i o ii w^as d e v o t ed to cl.-nificnhon a nd d i a e n s a i on of t he issue's i n v o l v e d. O nr (iinciissionp t o ok p l a ce at C a l c u t t a. 7. T he i | i i c s k on of d r a w i ng n s'ltistncl in b o u n d . i r\ l i ne n n d ei OUJ- t e r ms of r e f e r e n ce b e t w e en K n st ;uid W c si R e n t al w.ts i,\\r lo v l ni h t he p m i i es c o n c e r n ed p r o p o n n d e il t he mowl d i \ e i ' ne s o l u t i o n s. T he ]ivoAince offers Uj\ \. ll u n y, s a t i s f n c i o rr nntnr:iI b o u n d ,n ie.s. a nd i ts d e v e l o p m e nt h as b e en up linen t h ai do nri1 w e ll a c c o rd w i th a d i v i s i on bv <-on1 i y u o ns rnn |oi itv n r e as ol M u s l im n nd n o n - A f i r l i ni m a j o r i t i es H. In my v i c \ \r, t l ie d p m a r f a l i on of a l i o i n d a i \- l i ne b e t w e en l''aht a nd AAVsl I'.enjful d e p e i u l ed on r be HIIMTPIM to be g i v en to ici-tairi b a s ic q n e s t i mm w i n ch u i av be s t a t ed an f o l l o w s- H» To w i n ch S l a b WMS H IP C i l\ of C a l c n l fa )o be ii^-fiumcH, or \ \ a^ il p o s s i b le to a d o pt o n\ m e t h od ol d i v i d i ng Hie ('itv b e t w e en t he t wo S t i ' l e * " (lA) II I he ( l i tv of C a l c u l to m u st be a s s i g n ed as ,i w h o le hi o ne oi (-Ihn- ot i hr S t a l e s, v\ h at w e re i ts indisjieriHulile elaiTtifl to t he c o n i i ol o) t e n i t o i v. Hiich us nil or p a it of t he "Ntidia K h er s\s-tein or t he T ' u l li rivei-s, np/in w h i ch Hie life of C a l c u t in as n c i tv n nd p o rt d p | > e n d e d" (3) C o u ld t he alt f a c t i o ns (,f i he (!anL,res-radmii-Madlnnnati rivei lim- d i s p l a ie (hi stnuiu clnimH nf t he h e nw coTirpntrai ion of M u s l im m . i i o n ' t i es in t he d m t r i c ts ol T e n s o re n nd "Nadia w i l h o nt d o i ng t oo g r e at a v i o l e n ce fo t he p r i n c i p le of om t e r ms of r e f e i e n c e '' M) C o u ld t he d i s t r i ct of Klinln.i ufiefidly be h e ld b\ a ^ t n te dillVieiit i r om t h at w h i ch h e ld I he d i s t r i cl of T e ^ s o i e" (f)i W as il i-iglit lo a s s i gn to J ' l a s t e ni l V m ; al t he i o n s i d c i . i b le bio, k of n o u - M i i s l im m n | o r i t i es in t he d i sh jets of Afalda a nd D m n j p u r? (fi) W h i ch Ml,lie's cLiirn o i i p hj tr n i e v a il in r e a p ed of I he DiRlrid.Fi of ↩
- boundary itself, niy colleagues assented to tin view at, the close of uur discussions that I had no alternative hut to proceed to g ne my own decision. J(). This I now proceed |,(, do : but 1 should like ai the same time to express my gratitude U> ni\ colleagues for their indispensable assistance in clarifying and discussing the difficult questions involved. The demarca- tion of the boundary line N described in detail in the schedule which forms Annexnre A to this award, and in the map*' attached thereto, Annexnre B. The map is annexed Tor purposes of illustration, and if there should be anv divergence between the boundary as described in Vnnexure A and as deli - •neated on the map in Avmexiire B, the description in Annexure A is to prevail. 11. 1 lmve done what T ran in drawing the line to eliminate anv avoid- able rutting of railway eomrrmnieationR and of river systems, which are of importance to the life of the province : but it is quite impossible to draw •a boundary under our terms of reference without causing some interruption of thiH sort, and I can only express the hope that arrangements can be made, and maintained between the two PtateR that will minimize the consequences ~ of this interruption as far as possible. CYKTL EA"DO rJFFTC. 'The V2th August, 1947. TITF, s m E D T T LE Sir Annexnres A and B. ANNEXUKTil A 1. A line shall be drawn along rhe boundary "between the Tbuna of \ rhiiiisulewji in the Disrri./t of Darjeeling and t l i e T n a t ur Tetnlia in (he ' District of Jalpaiguri from the point when- that boundary meets 1hemgan] to the boundary of the State of Cooch-Behnr. The ' District of Darjeelinpr n,n i| m U\ne}\ of the .Jjistri,st nl^THljjaigiiri as lies north ; of Ihis line sh;ill belong to West Bengal, but /he Vha'u^TTTaigrinn ajnl ;myJ other |)ortion of Jalpaiguri District which lies loTKft eT{sT or "aoutri shall I \ belong to East Bengal. '1 A line shall then bn drawn from the point where the boundary between the Than as of Haripnr and Kaignnj in the. District of Dmajpur meets the border of the Province of Bihar to the point where the boundary between the Districts of 24 Parganas and Khulna meets the Bay of Bengal. This line shall follow the course indicated in the following paragraphs. So much •of the Province of Bengal a,s lies to the west of it shall belong to West Bengal. Subject to what has been provided in paragraph 1 above wir.h •Not published. ↩
- l i i l l j i f tl B o u n d a iv C o i m r u s s i on - u as ( u i iM l t u t ed , is s l a t ed IV i li v t e p o rl d a t ed 1 he U r li DI V U ' J U ST l')1-7 w i lh i i ^ nd to t he d i v i s i on HL t he l ' m " w i i< e dl M e n t al n un J v i st a nd W ijst M e n ^ tl l im i e m iM ol t e t n e n ce rI ' lu B O I I I H I H I\ C o m m i s s i on is i n s i i n i t ed lo d t i n n u a te t he b o u nd u IHS ol t he t ^ ii j i s u ts of Hi ikj4 il on i ln I H S IS of » si ei t n i n n j j; (.lie f o i i t i g n o ns m n ] o i i l . ,y . I N ,H ot A I iI M I Ii ns , i nd n o n - T M u e h ms In ↩
- of A s s am t h ai can he said lo a d | om S\ lhet n e i t h er t he d a ro H i l ls n or t he KliHsi a nd .(.-untia H i l ls noi t he ] j n s l i ai H i l ls h n ve a n y t h i o^ a p p r o a c h i ng H M u s l im m a j o r i ty of p o p u l a t i on in rps(>ecl of w h i ch a c l a im could be m a d e. 10. (Mil ol ;i.-> ( l i a n as in S v l h e i, 8 h a ve n o n - M i i s l i ni nuijontieH ; bni fit theae e i g h t, t wo - S u l lu a nd Ajmn-i^iiiij ( w h i ch is in a ny c\oi\t divided alnuMl evenly b e t w e en M a s h ms and noii-MnsliriiHl, ai e e n t i r e ly s u r r o n n d ed bv ]ne[)oi)deiatm{4lv M u s l im ,on<); w h i le t he o t h e r, K a i n n g a n j, vith a p o p u l a t i on of o \ 'T r>()H,000 peofile, has a M u s l im m a j o r i tv t h nt is n little l a r g e r. 11, W i th r e g a rd lo t he D i s t n ct of T a c h a r, o ne i h n n a, H a i l ak n i d i, h as a M i m hm majoritv a nd is e o u t i ^ u o us to ( he M u s l im I h a n as of l i a d a i p ur a nd KarimgHU| in t he Disiriet of S \ l h e t. T i ny t l i a na f o r m s, w i th t he t h a na ,f K a t l i c h a ra u n m e d i a l e lv lo its s o u t h, t he s u b - d i v i s i on of H a i l a k a n d i, a nd in t he S u b - d i v i s i on as a w h o le M u s l i ms eruoy n vi-vv small majorilv b e i ng .M peL- i e n t. of t he total po}iulaLion. T t h i nk t h at t he d e p e n d e i i ce ol K a l h- i h a ra on H a i l a k a n di foi n o n n al couiirnmieaiioris n m k os il i r n p o t t a nt thnl t he area should he u n d er o ne j u r i s d i c t i o n, and thnl ( he M u s l i ms would h a ve a1 anv i n to n s t r o ng p r e s u m p t i ve claim foi t he I r a n s f er of t he r-aib-div iMi'ii of 1 l a i l a k a n d i, e o n i p r i s mg a p o p u l a t i on of Jfifi,."3ri, from t he Provini-c c|J A s s am lo t he P r o v i n ce of E n st B e n g al 12 B ut a s t u dy of t he m ap s h o w s, in mv judgment , t h at n division on !"hese lines would p r e s e nt p r o h l e um of a d m i n i s t r a t i on t h at mighl g n , \ e l\ affeel t he f u t u re welfare and h a p p i n e ss of t he w h o le "Di^trirf. N ot o n lv »vould f)ic fli^ n o n - M u s l im t h a iw of Hylhet he complo*ol\ d i v o u ed f r om ↩
- Rusiyaia. The line shall then turn to the CHS1 tukm» the River T\usi\aia as the boundary md run to the poiiil wheie (hat vher meets Ihe boundan between the Districts of Bylhet and ("'achar. The centre line of the main stream or chunnel shall constitnte the boiindan. So much of the Pisiriot of H) lhct ae lies 1o Ihe west a,nd north ol this line <*hnll be deftched from ihe Province of Ysnam and tiansferred to the Province ol iinsi ]-(eiigul. N"o other pavl, of tho Province of Assam ahall be transferred. II. Vor pinposcrt of.illiK-lrntuin ,1 nuiiiA 111,1 rki-d \ is altuihed on which tjic line is delineated. In the event of an\ divergence betw.\'ii +he line as delineated on the map and as described in parannipli 13, Ihe written descrip- tion is U> jnevail. NTr w DhT,Hj. Tin- 7 ith \ mill si fin. ↩
- D tia C°"K t l t l l le t he b o u n ( a jT between the East and Wr-st 5. If is my intention that this boundary line should ensure that the canal headwojka at Sulcmanke will fall within the territorial jurisdiction of the West Punjab. If the existing delimitation of the boundaries of Montgomery District does not ensure this, I award to tlio West Punjab HO much of the territory concerned m covers the headworks, and the boundary shall be adjusted accordingly, ↩
- < ↩