Regd. No. NW/CH-22 Regd. No. CHD/0092/2018-2020 PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021 1419
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
EXTRAORDINARY
Published by Authority
CHANDIGARH, TUESDAY, MARCH 9, 2021
(PHALGUNA 18, 1942 SAKA)
PUNJAB VIDHAN SABHA SECRETARIAT
NOTIFICATION
The 9th March, 2021
No. 23-PLA-2021/25.- The Punjab Abadi Deh (Record of Rights) Bill,
2021 is hereby published for general information under the proviso to rule 121
of the Rules of Procedure and Conduct of Business in the Punjab Vidhan
Sabha (Punjab Legislative Assembly):-
BILL NO. 23-PLA-2021
THE PUNJAB ABADI DEH (RECORD OF RIGHTS) BILL, 2021
A
BILL
to provide for recording and resolving of proprietary rights of abadi
deh area in the revenue estates and for matters connected therewith or incidental
thereto.
WHEREAS, the abadi deh area in Punjab has remained without
( 1419 )
1420 PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
recording of rights of the proprietors, preparation of record, or the marking of
boundaries by carrying out a survey. This has over the years resulted in disputes
about demarcation of boundaries and identification of rights in the dwelling and
other areas; besides causing hardship in the effective transfer of rights;
WHEREAS, the object of this Act is to identify, record and resolve
the existing rights of the proprietors within the abadi deh by a process of
ascertaining the person(s) best entitled to be recorded as proprietor; besides,
demarcating, delineating the boundaries and areas of each survey unit. It is to
create a presumption of truth in the records so prepared.
WHEREAS, the preparation of this record would provide for
development of the abadi deh that preserves the heritage of the village to the
extent possible, provide and upgrade civic services and environment in villages
to integrate them with planned urban development, enhance the land value by
improving the lay out and provide a road map for development norms for
villages in an easy and simple manner.
BE it enacted by the Legislature of the State of Punjab in the Seventy-
second year of the Republic of India, as follows: -
CHAPTER 1
PRELIMINARY
1. (1) This Act may be called the Punjab Abadi deh (Record of
Rights) Act, 2021.
Short title, extent and commence- ment.
(2) It extends to the whole of the State of Punjab.
(3) It shall come into force with immediate effect:
Provided that it shall come into effect for the abadi deh area falling
within the limits of a municipal area on the date as may be notified in this
regard.
Definitions.
2. In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires, -
(a) "Abadi deh" means the site recorded as such in the Record
of Rights prepared and maintained under the Revenue Act,
which is not assessed to land revenue and includes such land PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021 1421
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
in a municipal area;
(b) "Appointed day" means the first day of January, 2021;
(c) "Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer" means a
Revenue Officer not below the rank of Naib-Tehsildar under
the Revenue Act or the Executive Officer of the municipal
body notified to perform functions under this Act;
(d) "Chief Recording and Resolution Officer" means the Collector
of the district under the Revenue Act, notified to perform
functions under this Act;
(e) "Commissioner" means the Commissioner of the division
under the Revenue Act, notified to perform functions under
this Act;
(f) "Common area" means an area or building within the abadi
deh used for any common need, convenience or benefit of
the community and includes roads, paths,streets, public parks,
drains, public toilets, ponds and tanks, wells, water courses,
play grounds, bus stand or waiting places, places used for
public sittings and gatherings or for any such other purposes
used by the inhabitants, and any vacant site or plot not owned
by any person; but does not include a building or area which
houses an institution under the control of the Central or State
Government;
(g) "Financial Commissioner" means the Financial Commissioner,
Revenue in the Government notified to perform the functions
under this Act;
(h) "Government" means the Government of Punjab in the
Department of Revenue, Rehabilitation and Disaster
Management;
(i) "Municipal body" means a body constituted under the Punjab
Municipal Corporation Act, 1976 (Punjab Act No. 42 of 1976)
or the Punjab Municipal Act, 1911 (Punjab Act No. 3 of 1911);
1422 PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
(j) "Notification or notified" means a notification published by
the Government in the Official Gazette;
(k) "Panchayat" means a Gram Panchayat constituted under the
Punjab Panchayati Raj Act, 1994 (Punjab Act No. 9 of 1994);
(l) "Prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act;
(m) "Proprietary right" means the right of ownership recorded in
the name of a person, panchayat, municipal body, Central or
State Government, juristic person or any other entity but does
not include the rights of a tenant, lessee, mortgagee or any
other right which does not confer ownership;
(n) "Recording and Resolution Officer" means a revenue officer
not below the rank of Sub-Divisional Magistrate notified to
perform functions under this Act;
(o) "Revenue Act" means the Punjab Land Revenue Act, 1887
(Punjab Act No. XVII of 1887);
(p) "Revenue Officer" means a revenue officer exercising the
powers under the Revenue Act;
(q) "Survey Officer" means an officer appointed by the
Government to act and perform functions under this Act;
(r) "Survey unit" means the area within the abadi deh, to which
a survey number is assigned under this Act;
(s) "Village Committee" means the committee nominated in the
village or municipal area, as the case may be, by the Assistant
Recording and Resolution Officer, with its composition as
prescribed to identify the ownership of survey units and
common areas set apart for common purposes within the
abadi deh; and
(t) Words and expressions used in this Act but not defined
herein, have the meanings assigned to them under the Revenue
Act.
PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
1423
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
CHAPTER II
OFFICERS AND POWERS
3. (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, there shall be the following Officers.
officers notified to perform the functions and exercise powers under this Act,
namely: -
(a) Financial Commissioner;
(b) Commissioner;
(c) Chief Recording and Resolution Officer;
(d) Recording and Resolution Officer;
(e) Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer; and
(f) Survey Officer.
(2) Subject to the provision of this Act, the officers mentioned in
clauses (b), (c), (d) and (e) of sub-section (1) shall have, for the purposes of
discharging their functions under this Act, the same powers as are vested in a
civil court under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908, in respect of the following
matters, namely: -
(i) the summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person
and examining him;
(ii) requiring the discovery and production of documents;
(iii) receiving evidence on affidavit;
(iv) subject to the provisions of sections 123 and 124 of the Indian
Evidence Act, 1872, requisitioning any public record or
document or copy of such record or document from any office;
and
(v) issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses or
documents.
4. (1) The superintendence and control over all officers in their
administrative functioning under this Act shall vest in the Financial
Superintendence and control of Officers.
1424 PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
Commissioner, and all such officers shall be subordinate to him.
(2) Subject to the superintendence and control of the Financial
Commissioner, the Chief Recording and Resolution Officer shall control all
other officers under this Act, in his district.
(3) Subject as aforesaid and to the control of the Chief Recording
and Resolution Officer, the Recording and Resolution Officer shall control all
other officers under this Act, in his sub-division.
CHAPTER III
SURVEY, MAPPING AND IDENTIFICATION
5. The Government may, by notification, specify any abadi deh in a
district, sub-division of a district, municipal area or a village as an area for the
Identification of abadi deh area.
purpose of identifying, recording and resolving the rights in each survey unit.
6. (1) The Government shall appoint a Survey Officer for each area
Survey and mapping.
notified under section 5 to conduct a survey in the manner as may be prescribed.
(2) The Government, upon notifying areas of which the standing
record of rights within an abadi deh is to be prepared, shall itself or through a
notified agency get a survey conducted and mapping done of such area to
determine the boundary of the abadi deh, define the area and dimensions of
each survey unit, and assign a unique survey number to each such unit.
(3) The survey reports and maps prepared of the area shall be
submitted to the Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer for the purpose
of preparing the standing record of rights in the survey units.
CHAPTER IV
STANDING RECORD OF RIGHTS AND ITS MAKING
7. There shall be a standing record of rights for each abadi deh area,
Standing record of rights.
which shall comprise the following, namely: -
(i) the record of proprietary rights of each survey unit prepared
under this Chapter;
PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
1425
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
(ii) the survey reports and maps prepared under Chapter III with
dimensions;
(iii) the record of proceedings of the meetings of the village
committee; and
(iv) such other document as may be prescribed or notified.
8. (1) The Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer, on his being
designated as such, shall constitute a village committee for identifying the
proprietary rights of the proprietors in the survey units.
Inquiry by the Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer.
(2) The Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer, in respect of
the abadi deh of which the standing record of rights is to be prepared, shall
inform the inhabitants of the area, in the manner prescribed, about the proposal
to prepare such record for each of the survey unit.
9. (1) The Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer, after
deliberations and consultations with the village committee and hearing the parties
Preparation of standing record of rights.
interested, shall, in a summary manner, and as may be prescribed, record the
proposed entries of proprietors and their proprietary rights and of the boundaries
of the survey unit in the standing record of rights, as on the appointed day.
(2) The entry of proprietor and his or its proprietary rights shall
be recorded by the Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer in the name
of–
(i) the owner of the built up dwelling and residential areas including
its open or enclosed court yards, other vacant land and plots
of owners not being a common area, shops and other
establishments;
(ii) the panchayat and the municipal body for the common area,
vacant land or plot not owned by any person; and
(iii) the Central, State Government, juristic person or other entity
in respect of the land or institutions owned by it.
(3) In the conduct of exercise under sub-sections (1) and (2) if a
survey unit is found to be sub-divided, which escaped the attention of the 1426 PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
Survey Officer, the Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer shall assign a
unique number to each such survey unit.
Display of record. 10. The survey map prepared by the Survey Officer under section 6 and
the record of entries of proprietors in a survey unit prepared under section 9,
shall be displayed at a conspicuous place in the village and a copy thereof
supplied to the Panchayat through the Sarpanch of the village or the Chief
Executive of the municipal body, as the case may be, in the manner, as may be
prescribed.
11. (1) A person aggrieved by the demarcation of any boundary in
the survey record, or an entry regarding the proprietary rights in the standing
Raising of objections and decision.
record of rights in a survey unit, may, within ninety days from the date of
display of record under section 10, file objections about the correctness thereof
before the Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer.
(2) The Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer after hearing
the parties and perusing the record, if any, shall make necessary correction of
the boundaries in the survey map, and ascertain the person best entitled to be
recorded as the proprietor in the survey unit, and within sixty days of the
expiry of the period under sub-section (1), pass an order in this regard by
recording reasons.
Explanation. - The recording of the proprietary rights of a person in a
survey unit shall not be conclusive proof of ownership and shall be subject to
corrections and alterations in appeal or revision under this Act as also the
rights so determined by a judgment and order of a court of competent jurisdiction.
(3) An entry recorded in the standing record of rights under section
9, if no objection is filed within the period provided under sub-section (1), shall
be treated as final.
(4) The Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer shall thereafter
in the manner prescribed, publish the record as finalized, which shall incorporate
an order that may be passed under sub-section (2).
(5) The standing record of rights finalized by the Assistant
Recording and Resolution Officer shall be amended or modified in the event of
an order passed under sub-section (4) is set aside, modified or reversed in
appeal, review or revision.
PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
1427
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
CHAPTER V
APPEAL, REVIEW AND REVISION
Appeals.
12. (1) Any person aggrieved by an order passed by the Assistant
Recording and Resolution Officer under section 11 may, within thirty days of
the passing of such order, file an appeal before the Recording and Resolution
Officer.
(2) The Recording and Resolution Officer after hearing the parties
interested and likely to be affected either accept the appeal or dismiss the
same by passing a reasoned order.
(3) Any person aggrieved by an order passed by the Recording
and Resolution Officer under sub-section (2) may, within thirty days of the
passing of such order, appeal to the Chief Recording and Resolution Officer,
who shall after hearing the parties interested and likely to be affected either
accept the appeal or dismiss the same by passing a reasoned order.
(4) Appeals under sub-sections (2) and (3) shall be decided by
the Recording and Resolution Officer and the Chief Recording and Resolution
Officer, as the case may be, within sixty days from the date the respondent
puts in appearance after notice or is proceeded against ex-parte unless for
reasons to be recorded in writing it is directed otherwise.
(5) An appellate authority shall not remand a case except where
it is established from the record that an adverse order has been passed against
a necessary party who was not duly served.
Review.
13. The Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer, the Recording and
Resolution Officer and the Chief Recording and Resolution Officer, may within
sixty days of the order sought to be reviewed either on their own motion or on
the application of a party interested, after notice to the party likely to be affected
and giving reasonable hearing, review, and on so reviewing, modify, reverse or
confirm any order passed by himself or his predecessor in office:
Provided that -
(i) when an Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer finds it
necessary to review any order, he shall first obtain the sanction
of the Recording and Resolution Officer;
1428 PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
(ii) when a Recording and Resolution Officer finds it necessary
to review any order, he shall first obtain the sanction of the
Chief Recording and Resolution Officer;
(iii) when a Chief Recording and Resolution Officer finds it
necessary to review any order, he shall first obtain the sanction
of the Commissioner;
(iv) when any such order is modified or reversed on review by the
Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer, or the Recording
and Resolution Officer, an appeal shall lie against the order of
the Assistant Recording and Resolution Officer to the Recording
and Resolution Officer, and from the order of the Recording
and Resolution Officer to the Chief Recording and Resolution
Officer, and the order on such appeal shall be final;
(v) an order against which an appeal or revision has been preferred
shall not be reviewed; and
(vi) an appeal shall not lie from an order refusing or granting
permission to review or confirming on review a previous order.
14. The Commissioner may, on an application of an aggrieved party, within
Revision by Commissioner.
sixty days of an order being passed, call for and examine the records relating
to any order passed or proceedings taken under this Act for the purpose of
satisfying himself as to the legality or propriety of such order or proceedings
and after hearing the affected parties, may pass such order in relation thereto
as he may deem fit and modify, reverse or confirm any order passed under this
Act.
15. An order of an officer passed under this Act shall be subject to a
Decree or order of the court.
decree or order which may be passed by a court of competent jurisdiction.
CHAPTER VI
TRANSFER OF RECORD
16. After preparation and finalization of the standing record of rights of
the abadi deh area, it shall be attested by the Assistant Recording and Resolution
Transfer of record to the District Collector.
Officer and transferred to the District Collector for maintaining and revising it
under the Revenue Act.
PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
1429
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
17. The provisions of Chapter IV of the Revenue Act after transfer of the
record under section 16 shall apply mutatis mutandis to such record.
Application of Chapter IV of Revenue Act.
CHAPTER VII
PARTITION
18. A partition of survey units comprised in abadi deh may be allowed Partition of survey units.
by a Revenue Officer after the standing record-of- rights has been
transferred, and only if the partition has been affirmed by all interested parties
with a map showing the proposed partition signed by all persons having
proprietary rights:
Provided that the Revenue Officer after examining such of the co-
proprietors of the survey unit and other persons may, if he is of the opinion that
the survey unit is impartible or the partition is impractical and there is good and
sufficient cause why partition should be disallowed, refuse to partition the
survey unit by recording the grounds of his refusal.
19. An application for the partition of a survey unit, in the event of a Disputes as to partition.
dispute, shall not lie before the Revenue Officer and the party aggrieved may
approach the civil court for partition.
CHAPTER VIII
MISCELLANEOUS
20. (1) A summons issued by an officer appointed under this Act Summoning.
shall be served–
(i) personally, on the person to whom it is addressed, or failing
him;
(ii) his recognized agent; or
(iii) an adult member of his family usually residing with him.
(2) A summons may also be served by pasting a copy thereof at
the usual or last known place of residence of the person to whom it is addressed.
(3) A summons may, if an officer appointed under this Act so
directs, be served on the person named therein, either in addition to, or in 1430 PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
substitution for, any other mode of service, by forwarding the summons by
post in a letter addressed to the person and registered under Chapter VI of the
Indian Post Office Act, 1898 (Central Act VI of 1898), or sent through a
reputed courier agency notified by the Government in this regard.
(4) When a summons is so forwarded in a letter, and it is proved
that the letter was properly addressed and duly posted and registered, the
officer appointed under this Act may presume that the summons was served
at the time when receipt of its delivery is furnished:
Provided that in case of a letter sent through registered post, its delivery
may be presumed after thirty days if it is not received back undelivered within
this period.
(5) A summons may also be served on the person named therein
by publication of the contents thereof in a daily Punjabi newspaper having
wide circulation:
Provided that if the summons relates to a case in which persons having
the same interest are so numerous that personal service on all of them is not
reasonably practicable, it may, in the first instance and if the officer appointed
under this Act so directs, be served by delivery of a copy thereof to such of
those persons as the officer appointed under this Act nominates in this behalf,
and by publication of the contents thereof in a daily Punjabi newspaper having
wide circulation, for the information of the other persons interested.
(6) The summons may also be served through Short Message
Service, email, or through other electronic modes at the phone number or e-mail
address otherwise known or made known, to the officer appointed under this
Act:
Provided that if service is effected through any of the above modes, a
printout of the delivery of summons shall be placed on the record.
(7) A notice, order of proclamation or copy of any such document,
issued by an officer under this Act for service on any person shall be served in
the manner provided in this section for the service of a summons.
(8) Any of the modes of service provided in sub-sections (2), (3), PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021 1431
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
(5) or (6) may be adopted simultaneously in addition to the mode of service
provided in sub-section (1).
21. Any entry made in a standing record-of-rights in accordance with the
provisions of this Act shall be presumed to be true until the contrary is proved
Presumption in favour of entries in the standing record of rights.
or a new entry is lawfully substituted therefor.
22. If any person considers himself aggrieved as to any right of which he
is in possession by an entry in a standing record-of-rights, he may institute a
suit for a declaration of his right under Chapter VI of the Specific Relief Act,
Suit for declara- tory decree by persons aggrieved by an entry in a record. 1963(Central Act No. 47 of 1963).
23. The clerical or arithmetical mistakes in any order passed by any officer Correction of clerical errors.
under this Act may, at any time be corrected by the authority concerned either
of its own motion or on the application of any of the parties and an intimation of
such correction shall be made to the parties free of any charges and also to the
concerned officer for its implementation.
24. No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings shall lie against any
officer under this Act or any official acting under the directions of such officer,
Protection of action taken in good faith.
for anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under the
provisions of this Act or any rule made thereunder.
25. (1) If any difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions of this Power to remove difficulties.
Act, the Government may, by order published in the Official Gazette, make
such provision, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act as appear to it to
be necessary or expedient for removing the difficulty:
Provided that no such order shall be made after the expiry of a period
of two years from the date of commencement of this Act.
(2) Every order made under this section shall, as soon as may be,
after it is made, be laid before the State Legislature.
26. Except as otherwise provided in this Act, no civil court shall entertain
any suit instituted or application made to obtain a decision or order in respect
Exclusion of jurisdiction of civil courts.
of any matter which the Government or any officer is by this Act empowered
to determine or dispose of.
1432 PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
27. The officers under this Act and any person acting under their orders
may, in the discharge of any duty under this Act, enter upon and survey land in
the manner prescribed, put and erect survey marks thereon and demarcate the
boundaries thereof and do all other such acts necessary for the proper
performance of that duty.
Powers of officers to enter upon land, dwelling and habitation areas, survey units for the purposes of survey and demarcation.
28. (1) If any person willfully destroys, dismantles or without lawful
authority removes a survey or demarcation mark lawfully erected or put, he
may be ordered by the Recording and Resolution Officer to pay such fine not
exceeding rupees one thousand for each mark so destroyed, dismantled or
Penalty for destruction, dismantling or removal of survey marks and demarcation.
removed, as may, in the opinion of that officer, be necessary to defray the
expenses of restoring the same and rewarding the person, if any, who gave
information of the destruction, dismantling or removal.
(2) The amount of fine levied under sub-section (1), if not paid in
the manner prescribed, shall be recoverable as arrears of land revenue under
the Revenue Act.
(3) The imposition of a fine under this section shall not bar a
prosecution under section 434 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860 (Central Act
No. 45 of 1860); or prosecution of the offender under any other law for the
time being in force.
29. (1) The Government may, by notification, in the Official Gazette,
make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Act.
Power of the Government to make rules.
(2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the
foregoing powers, such rules may provide for all or any of the following matters
under this Act, namely: -
(a) the composition and members of the village committee;
(b) the appointment or nomination of officers under this Act for
carrying out its intent and purpose;
(c) the documents to be comprised in the standing record of rights;
(d) the manner in which the standing records of rights is to be PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021 1433
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
prepared, displayed and published;
(e) the procedure for the transfer of the standing records-of-rights
prepared under this Act to the revenue authorities under the
Revenue Act;
(f) the procedure for the imposition and deposit of fine imposed
by the Recording and Resolution Officer for willfully destroying,
dismantling or without lawful authority removing a survey
demarcation mark;
(g) the forms for the service of summons, display, publication,
preparation and maintenance of records under this Act;
(h) the manner in which boundaries of all or any survey unit are
to be demarcated and the survey marks to be erected thereon;
(i) for issuing of copies and certified copies, including digitized
copies of record, order and documents prepared and
maintained under this Act and the rules made thereunder; and
(j) any other matter for giving effect to the provisions of this Act,
or may be prescribed under this Act.
1434 PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
STATEMENT OF OBJECTS AND REASONS
The Abadi deh area has remained without recording of rights of the
proprietors, preparation of record, or the making of boundaries by carrying out
a survey. This has over the years resulted in disputes about demarcation of
boundaries and identification of rights in the dwelling and other areas; besides
causing hardship in the effective transfer of rights.
The object of this Act is to identify, record and resolve the existing
rights of the proprietors within the abadi deh by a process of ascertaining the
person(s) best entitled to be recorded as proprietor; besides, demarcating,
delineating the boundaries and areas of each survey unit. It is to create a
presumption of truth in the records so prepared.
The preparation of this record would provide for development of the
abadi deh that preserves the heritage of the village to the extent possible,
provide and upgrade civic services and environment in villages to integrate
them with planned urban development, enhance the land value by improving
the lay out and provide a road map for development norms for villages in an
easy and simple manner.
GURPREET SINGH KANGAR,
Revenue, Rehabilitation and Disaster
Management Minister, Punjab.
PUNJAB GOVT. GAZ. (EXTRA), MARCH 9, 2021
1435
(PHGN 18, 1942 SAKA)
MEMORANDUM REGARDING DELEGATED LEGISLATION
Section 29 of "The Punjab Abadi Deh (Record of Rights) Bill, 2021"
empowers the State Government to make rules to carry out the purposes of
this Act. The Powers sought are necessary for the proper implementation of
provisions of the Act and are normal in nature.